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BACKGROUND:Germline mutations in the BRCA2 cancer susceptibility gene are associated with an increased risk of pancreatic cancer (PC). Breast‐pancreas cancer families with BRCA1 mutations have also been observed. The influence of a family history (FH) of PC on BRCA mutation prevalence in patients with breast cancer (BC) is unknown.
METHODS:A clinical database review (2000‐2009) identified 211 Ashkenazi...
BACKGROUND:In the seventh edition of the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) staging system for esophageal cancer, tumor grade was introduced as an independent determinant of stage grouping in early stage tumors. With the significantly lower prognosis for poorly differentiated early stage adenocarcinomas, patients with these tumors may become candidates for neoadjuvant therapy given an accurate...
BACKGROUND:The reported high rate of local recurrence (LR) in myxofibrosarcoma raises the question of whether this sarcoma histology should be considered radioresistant. In this study, the authors compared rates and patterns of LR of high‐grade (HG) myxofibrosarcoma with rates and patterns of HG leiomyosarcoma, which was chosen because of the similarity in incidence and general treatment approach...
BACKGROUND:In 1999, a multidisciplinary panel of experts in colorectal cancer reviewed the relevant medical literature and issued a consensus recommendation for a 12‐lymph node (LN) minimum examination after resection for colon cancer. Some authors have shown racial/ethnic differences in receipt of this evidence‐based care. To date, however, none has investigated the correlation between disparities...
BACKGROUND:Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a significant but poorly understood complication in patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (NDMM). As a result, most patients receive thromboprophylaxis with low molecular weight heparin (LMWH). The purpose of this retrospective study was to identify risk factors for VTE in NDMM and evaluate the effectiveness of LMWH.
METHODS:A total of 604 patients...
BACKGROUND:The combination of fludarabine, cyclophosphamide, and rituximab (FCR) has produced promising results in chronic lymphocytic leukemia and other lymphoproliferative disorders. The authors report the final results from a multicenter, prospective study examining FCR in Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia (WM).
METHODS:Forty‐three patients with symptomatic WM that was untreated or pretreated with...
BACKGROUND:Combination therapy with ixabepilone and capecitabine (cape) is approved for use in patients with locally advanced/metastatic breast cancer that is resistant to treatment with anthracyclines or taxanes. The current study evaluated the trade‐off between quality and quantity of life using quality‐adjusted time without symptoms or toxicity (Q‐TWiST) outcomes.
METHODS:Within the trial, 752...
BACKGROUND:Patients with advanced stage adenocarcinoma of the pancreas have a poor prognosis. The identification of prognostic and/or predictive biomarkers may help stratify patients so that therapy can be individualized.
METHODS:Serum samples from patients enrolled in the Cancer and Leukemia Group B 80303 phase 3 trial, “Randomized Study of Gemcitabine With Versus Without Bevacizumab in Patients...
BACKGROUND:Because of the structural and biochemical similarities between the antitumor p53 and p73 proteins, the authors hypothesized that individuals who carry high‐risk genotypes of p53 codon 72 and p73 G4C14‐to‐A4T14 polymorphisms have a higher risk of developing second primary malignancy (SPM) after index squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN).
METHODS:A cohort of 1269 patients...
BACKGROUND:After treatment for prostate cancer, multidisciplinary sexual rehabilitation involving couples appears more promising than traditional urologic treatment for erectile dysfunction (ED). The authors of this report conducted a randomized trial comparing traditional or internet‐based sexual counseling with waitlist (WL) control.
METHODS:Couples were randomized adaptively to a 3‐month WL, a...
BACKGROUND:Several nomograms have been developed for the purpose of predicting the likelihood of an increase in Gleason sum (GS) from biopsy information compared with the GS determined after examination of the “entire prostate” in patients with prostate cancer. In this study, the authors evaluated and compared the ability of 4 nomograms (published by Capitanio et al, Chun et al, Kulkarni et al, and...
BACKGROUND:Screening by fecal occult blood test and lower endoscopy has lowered colorectal cancer (CRC) mortality, but compliance gaps persist. Of concern are possible disparities in uptake of CRC screening between white and African American men. The goal of this study was to assess for disparities in uptake of CRC screening among men participating in a high‐risk prostate cancer clinic. If present,...
Many different factors can account for hemorrhagic complications in patients with malignancies. Potential etiologies include disease‐ or treatment‐related impairment of bone marrow function, or trauma to highly friable and vascularized malignant tissues. Immune impairment may also occur in solid or hematologic malignancies, leading to spontaneous formation of inhibitory antibodies against coagulation...
BACKGROUND:The favorable prognostic impact of mutations in the IDH1 gene is well documented for malignant gliomas; its influence on World Health Organization (WHO) grade II astrocytomas, however, is still under debate.
METHODS:A previously published database of 127 predominantly surgically treated patients harboring WHO grade II astrocytomas was revisited. Patients were screened for TP53 mutations...
BACKGROUND:The goal of this study was to prospectively analyze the diagnostic performances of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) in predicting pathologically assessed residual disease in a large, single‐institution series of locally advanced cervical cancer (LACC) patients triaged to neoadjuvant treatments followed by radical surgery.
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BACKGROUND:The p53 antisense oligonucleotide cenersen has been shown to sensitize acute myeloid leukemia (AML) stem cells to DNA damaging agents.
METHODS:To determine whether cenersen merits testing in larger efficacy studies, an exploratory study of cenersen in combination with idarubicin either alone or with 1 of 2 doses of cytarabine was performed in first‐salvage AML patients. Patients who either...
BACKGROUND:Although the promoter of the human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) gene has been widely used in gene therapy for targeted cancer cells, it has some limitations for clinical use because of its low activity and potential toxicity to certain normal cells. To overcome these defects, the authors generated novel chimeric hTERT promoters that contained the radiation‐inducible sequence...
BACKGROUND:Women who are diagnosed with a deleterious mutation in either breast cancer (BRCA) gene have a high risk of developing breast and ovarian cancers at young ages. In this study, the authors assessed age at diagnosis in 2 generations of families with known mutations to investigate for earlier onset in subsequent generations.
METHODS:Of the 132 BRCA‐positive women with breast cancer who participated...
BACKGROUND:For BRCA1/BRCA2 gene testing to benefit public health, mutation carriers must initiate appropriate risk management strategies. There has been little research examining the long‐term use and prospective predictors of the full range of risk management behaviors among women who have undergone BRCA1/2 testing. We evaluated long‐term uptake and predictors of risk‐reducing mastectomy (RRM), risk‐reducing...
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